V type diesel engine

ABSTRACT

A diesel engine having cylinders disposed in a V shape is constructed as compact as possible so that it can be adapted to either vertical and horizontal use without changing many parts. To this end, intake and exhaust cams and a fuel injection pump driving cam are disposed on a single camshaft to thereby obviate the necessity of a plurality of camshafts. In addition, a fuel pump, which has conventionally been disposed in a separate fuel injection pump case outside a cylinder block, is disposed inside the cylinder block. Furthermore, a fuel injection nozzle is disposed on an inner side of a pushrod and the pushrod and fuel injection nozzle are disposed between the cylinders, whereby a compact construction is obtained. Moreover, a governor device and a fuel injection pump are disposed on a side opposite to a crankshaft of the camshaft.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a V type diesel engine having cylindersdisposed in a V shape as seen from a front view, which is so constructedas to be adapted to either a vertical type having a vertical crankshaftor a horizontal type having a horizontal crankshaft.

There are conventional constructions of V type diesel engines disclosedin the Japanese Laid-Open Gazette No. Hei 6-299862 and the German PatentNo. 966708, for example.

The V type diesel engine in the Japanese Laid-Open Gazette No. Hei6-299862 has a camshaft for intake and exhaust cams which are apart froma fuel injection pump. Particularly, a camshaft for the fuel injectionpump driving cams is different from the camshaft for intake and exhaustcams. Accordingly, the V type diesel engine, which requires twocamshafts, tends to be excessively large in the total height thereof.

In the V type diesel engine shown in the German Patent No. 966708, asingle camshaft is provided for both fuel injection pump driving camsand intake and exhaust cams. However, a governor device is not disposedbetween cylinders which are disposed in a V shape.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the present invention a V type diesel engine has cylindersHL and HR disposed in a V shape as seen from a front view, and betweencylinders HL and HR are disposed intake and exhaust cams 31 and fuelinjection pump driving cams 30, a fuel injection pump P, a governordevice G, pushrods 24 and fuel injection nozzles 26 and 27. Both intakeand exhaust cams 31 and fuel injection pump driving cams 30 are disposedon a single camshaft 1 instead of two different camshafts, and fuelinjection pump P and governor device G are disposed on a side oppositeto a crankshaft S of camshaft 1, whereby the entire V type diesel enginehas a compact form.

A starter K is disposed on one side of cylinders HL and HR andsupplementary devices N are disposed on the other side thereof so thatvacant spaces of recesses on both sides of a crankcase 2 can be usedeffectively in comparison with such a conventional construction that astarter and supplementary devices, like an operating oil pump, areconcentrated in a recess on one side of a crankshaft.

Fuel injection pump driving cams 30 on camshaft 1 are disposed behindintake and exhaust cams 31 and on a side opposite to a gear case 3, andgovernor device G is disposed on the same side of gear case 3, so that atop of engine is lowered and a driving line of gears is simplified incomparison with a conventional construction having two camshaftsdisposed vertically.

Fuel injection pump P is disposed on an extending portion of a governorcase A housing governor device G so as to integrate fuel injection pumpP and governor device G in governor case A, thereby easing adjustment offuel injection pump P and assembly thereof and obviating disposition ofa fuel injection pump case.

Fuel injection nozzles 26 and 27 are disposed between intake and exhaustvalve driving pushrods 24 which are disposed in a V-shaped bank, so thatthe width of engine can be smaller and both sides of cylinders are usedeffectively.

Starter K is disposed on one side of cylinders HL and HR andsupplementary devices N are disposed on the other side thereof so thatstarter K and supplementary devices N are disposed, instead ofprojecting, respectively in recesses on both sides of the crankcasewhich are naturally formed in a V type diesel engine. A lubricating oilfilter L is disposed on the same side with supplementary devices N,thereby compacting the entire V type diesel engine.

On a camshaft 1, fuel injection pump driving cams 30 are disposedbetween intake cams 31 and exhaust cams 31, fuel injection pump P isdisposed above fuel injection pump driving cams 30, and governor deviceG is disposed on the same side of the gear case 3, so that governordevice G, fuel injection pump P and a cylinder block are disposed insimple a construction.

Crankcase 2 has an opening end, gear case 3 and governor case A, whichconstitute an engine body, and is made by die casting to reduce cost andsimplify assembly.

The interior of crankcase 2 is connected with a governor chamber m and afuel injection pump chamber n to compact the V type diesel engine anddevelop lubrication thereof.

Starter K is disposed on an opening side of crankcase 2 and fuelinjection pump P is disposed on close side of crankcase 2 to simplifythe driving system of starter K and fuel injection pump P.

Starter K is disposed on an outside of crankcase 2 and supplementdevices N are disposed on another outside thereof, thereby the V typediesel engine is smaller in width making the entirety more compact.

Crankcase 2 has one opening end and forms a recess constituting a dynamohousing space 85 on its closed end so that the V type diesel engine issmaller in length.

A fuel feed pump Q is disposed below one of cylinders HL and HR, therebythe V type diesel engine is smaller in length making the entirety morecompact.

On a side opposite to crankshaft S of camshaft 1 is disposed governordevice G and fuel injection pump P. Between cylinders HL and HR,disposed in a V shape are fuel injection nozzles 26 and 27. On one sideof crankcase 2 is disposed starter K, and on the other side of crankcase2 are supplement devices N, thereby the V type diesel engine is smallerin height and width so as to be compacted entirely.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of a V type diesel engine of ahorizontal type having a horizontal crankshaft which is one type of Vtype diesel engines according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional front view of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional right side view of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional right side view of the embodiment ofFIG. 1, showing gear case 3;

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional plan view of the embodiment of FIG.1, showing pulleys 13, 15 and 16;

FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional front view of the embodiment of FIG.1, showing cylinders HL and HR;

FIG. 8 is a bottom view of an embodiment of a V type diesel engine of avertical type having a vertical crankshaft which is another type of Vtype diesel engines according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional bottom view of the embodiment of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a left side view of the embodiment of FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional right side view of the embodiment of FIG.8;

FIG. 12 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional right side view of theembodiment of FIG. 8;

FIG. 13 is a front view of crankcase 2;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional front view of the the crankcase of FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 is a left side view of the the crankcase of FIG. 13;

FIG. 16 is a right side view of the the crankcase of FIG. 13;

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional right side view of the the crankcase ofFIG. 13;

FIG. 18 is a rear view of the the crankcase of FIG. 13, showing dynamohousing space 85;

FIG. 19 is a side view of the the crankcase of FIG. 13, showing a drainhole 91 which is also used for a lead guide hole;

FIG. 20 is a plan view of the the crankcase of FIG. 13;

FIG. 21 is a plan view of cylinder HL or HR of crankcase 2;

FIG. 22 is a plan view of a cylinder head 29 on crankcase 2;

FIG. 23 is a partial cross-sectional front view of crankcase 2, showingan external lubricating oil filter seat 74 for mounting lubricating oilfilter L thereinto;

FIG. 24 is a partial cross-sectional plan view of the the crankcase ofFIG. 23, showing the external lubricating oil filter seat 74;

FIG. 25 is a front view of gear case 3;

FIG. 26 is a rear view of the the gear case of FIG. 25;

FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional side view of the the gear case of FIG. 25,showing oil passages within an upper portion thereof;

FIG. 28 is an enlarged partial rear view of the the gear case of FIG.25, showing grooves 97 and 98 constituting lubricating oil pump D;

FIG. 29 is a schematic rear view of the the gear case of FIG. 25,showing lubricating oil pump D which is rotated clockwise;

FIG. 30 is a schematic rear view of the the gear case of FIG. 25,showing lubricating oil pump D which is rotated counterclockwise;

FIG. 31 is a diagram showing a lubrication system of the V type dieselengine according to the present invention;

FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional right side view of a V type diesel engineof horizontal type, showing another embodiment of disposition ofgovernor device G and fuel injection pump P; and

FIG. 33 is a side view of governor case A integrally forming a bracketto which fuel injection pump P is attached.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

A V type diesel engine of the present invention is classified into ahorizontal type using crankshaft S horizontally and a vertical typeusing crankshaft S vertically. Most parts, for example, crankcase 2, arecommon in both the horizontal and vertical type engines. There aredifferences in a direction of disposition of crankshaft 2, a directionof power taking off, and a position of oil pan which is a lubricatingoil sink between the two type engines, so that crankshaft S and gearcase 3 of one type is slightly different in shape from those of theother. Furthermore, a kind of a machine body loaded with one type engineis different from a kind of that loaded with the other, so that aposition of a radiator R of one type engine is different from that ofthe other type engine.

A V type diesel engine of the horizontal type is shown in FIGS. 1 to 7.FIGS. 1 shows a front of the V type diesel engine of the presentinvention from which radiator R is removed and FIG. 2 is across-sectional front view of the V type engine of FIG. 1 in which theradiator R is depicted by phantom lines. The main body of the V typediesel engine consists of crankcase 2, gear case 3 and cylinder heads 28and 29, which are all jointed with each other. Cylinders HL and HR areintegrally formed in crankcase 2.

Cylinder heads 28 and 29 are fixed respectively onto tops of cylindersHL and HR. Cylinder head covers 36 and 37 are fixed respectively ontocylinder heads 28 and 29. Fuel injection nozzles 26 and 27 are disposedrespectively in cylinder heads 28 and 29.

Crankcase 2, which is made by die casting, is wide-open at a front sidethereof for rapping a die. The opening portion of crankcase 2 is widenedby rotation of an engine. Four screw holes 59 are tapped in the frontside of crankcase 2, and a blocking member 56 is fastened onto the frontside together with bolts screwed into the screw holes 59, so as to blockwidening of the front opening portion.

Fuel injection nozzles 26 and 27 are disposed between the cylinders 26and 27 which are arranged in a V shape, and are fed with high-pressurefuel discharged from fuel injection pump P, which is attached to abracket 50 constituting a rear portion of governor case A, throughhigh-pressure fuel pipes 10 and 11.

As shown in FIG. 2, each of pushrods 24 is interposed between camshaft1, disposed in crankcase 2, and each of intake and exhaust valve arms 47disposed respectively in each of cylinder head covers 36 and 37.

Pushrods 24 are disposed between cylinders HL and HR. Moreover, governorcase A is fixed on the top of crankcase 2 and gear case 3 betweenpushrods 24. Governor device G is constructed in a governor chamber mwhich is an interior of governor case A.

Left and right pistons 6 and 7 are slidably inserted respectively incylinders HL and HR. Pistons 6 and 7 are connected with crankshaft Srespectively through connecting rods 4 and 5. Camshaft 1 is disposedbetween cylinders HL and HR and is provided with intake and exhaust cams31 and fuel injection pump driving cams 30.

Moreover, a fuel feed pump driving cam 58 for driving fuel feed pump Qis disposed on camshaft 1 within the interior of crankcase 2. As shownin FIG. 7, a rod projects from fuel feed pump Q, disposed betweencylinders HL and HR, and abuts against fuel feed pump driving cam 58 todrive fuel feed pump Q and feed fuel injection pump P with fuel.

As shown in FIG. 1, pulleys 14 and 15 are fixed onto the front end ofcrankshaft S projecting from gear case 3. Pulley 15 and a pulley 13 ofoperating oil pump 12 are connected by a belt 18. Also, pulley 14 and apulley 16, which is fixed onto a fan shaft 40 of a radiator fan Fdisposed above pulley 14, are connected by a belt 17 to drive radiatorfan F of radiator R.

Fan shaft 40 of radiator fan F is supported by a bearing base 60 fixedonto the front surface of gear case 3. The position of bearing base 60is changeable in accordance with change of the position of fan shaft 40so that positions of radiator fan F and radiator R can be changed.

The engine body is comprised of crankcase 2 and gear case 3 forms leftand right recesses under both cylinders HL and HR. Starter K is disposedin the right recess and operating oil pump 12 is disposed in the leftrecess. A cooling water pump 8 is fixed onto the upper portion on leftside of the front surface of gear case 3 and feeds cooling water to thewater jacket around left cylinder HL through a cooling water hole 39 andto the water jacket around right cylinder HR through a cooling waterhole 38.

Exhaust pipes 34 and 35 are interposed between the front surfaces ofcylinder heads 28 and 29 and a muffler M shown in FIG. 2. With regard tothe horizontal type, muffler M is disposed above the engine and radiatorR is disposed in front of the engine.

A regulator lever 41 projects upwardly from governor G in governorchamber m disposed between cylinder heads 28 and 29. Ends of fuelinjection nozzles 26 and 27 are screwed respectively into cylinder heads26 and 27 and are thus inserted into a precombustor 44, and on each sidethereof a glow plug 42 is fixedly inserted into precombustor 44.

FIG. 2 shows a balance weight 46 formed around crankshaft S and fuelinjection pump P disposed behind governor case A. One end of each ofintake and exhaust valve arms 47, which are disposed within each ofcylinder head covers 36 and 37, is pushed up by each of intake andexhaust cams 31 through each of pushrods 24 so that the other end pusheseach of intake and exhaust valves 48 to an open position.

As shown in FIG. 3, a driving gear 21 is fixed onto the front end ofcrankshaft S within crankcase 2. Driving gear 21 engages with a drivinggear 43 of lubricating oil pump D which is supported within gear case 3on left side thereof and engages with a camshaft driving gear 20 fixedonto camshaft 1 thereabove. Camshaft 20 engages with a governor shaftgear 19 fixed onto a governor shaft 9 of governor device G. A governorweight 25 is provided on the portion of governor shaft 9 disposed ingovernor case A.

Governor weight 25 opens and closes according to rotation of governorshaft 9 so that a L-like shaped governor lever 45 is rotated and acontrol rack of fuel injection pump P is slid. Also, an operator canoperate regulator lever 41 projecting from governor case A to change therotational speed of engine.

In crankcase 2, four intake and exhaust cams 31 project from camshaft 1and two fuel injection pump driving cams 30 project from camshaft 1toward the side of a flywheel W. Governor case A, housing governordevice G, is disposed on the upper surface of a joining portion ofcrankcase 2 and gear case 3 and integrally forms bracket 50 at theextending portion thereof. Fuel injection pump P is fixed onto bracket50.

A bracket 49 projects upwardly from crankcase 2 to support an aircleaner C. Flywheel W is fixed onto crankshaft S. Crankcase 2 forms adynamo housing space 85, therewithin dynamo X is fixed onto flywheel Wand can rotate.

Next, a V type diesel engine of horizontal type will be explained. As toshown in FIG. 4, a lubricating oil filter L is disposed on a left sideof cylinder is HL, which is the same with flywheel W, and behindoperating oil pump 12. A fuel filter 22 is supported by a bracket whichprojects from crankcase 2 or governor case A and is hung down on a sideof fuel injection pump P.

Fuel returning pipes 100 are laid from fuel injection nozzles 26 and 27and fuel injection pump P to fuel filter 22.

In FIG. 5 showing radiator R and gear case 3, governor case A isdisposed on the top of crankcase 2 and gear case 3 and extended to formbracket 50 for mounting fuel injection pump P.

In FIG. 6 are shown cylinder HL and pulleys 13, 15 and 16, andpositional relationships between operating oil pump 12 and lubricatingoil filter L.

As shown in FIG. 7, which is an enlarged view of cylinders HL and HR,lubricating oil filter L is disposed under cylinder HL and on the sameside with operating oil pump 12. Fuel injection nozzles 26 and 27,governor device G and fuel injection pump P are disposed betweenpushrods 24.

FIGS. 8 to 12 describe the vertical V type diesel which which hascrankshaft S vertically disposed.

In such a case, the engine is fixed on a working machine with crankcase2 above gear case 3, so that gear case 3 constitutes a main oil pan. Asshown in FIG. 11, gear case 3 is expanded downwardly to deepen itsinterior. There are many cases that the working machine is disposedbelow the engine. Therefore, the power output portion of crankshaft Sprojects downwardly from the bottom of gear case 3.

Radiator R is disposed on the same side as gear case 3 of the horizontaltype engine and on the upper portion of the vertical type engine, whichis a portion opposite to gear case 3. Flywheel W is fixed ontocrankshaft S. Also, radiator fan F is fixed through a fan seat 51 ontocrankshaft S.

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 11, blocking member 56 is laid over the openinglower portion of crankcase 2 to prevent it from being widened by load.Around blocking member 56, crankcase 2 and gear case 3 are fastenedtogether with bolts 63 screwed in threaded bosses 57. Threaded bosses 57provide reinforcement for bolts 63 fastening crankcase 2 and gear case 3to prevent the opening bottom of crankcase 2 from being widened by loadstresses. The positional relationships between crankcase 2 and gear case3 are defined by parallel pins inserted into parallel pin holes B asshown in FIG. 13.

The construction of crankcase 2 is detailed below with reference toFIGS. 13 to 24. As shown in FIG. 13, bearing journal 71 for journallingcrankshaft S and bearing journal 75 for journalling camshaft 1 are boredthrough the interior of crankcase 2. Also, pivotal shaft portion 2a andoil passages 66, 86 and 93 are bored through crankcase 2.

In a conventional V type diesel engine, a lubricating oil feeding systemfor feeding various portions with lubricating oil has a main galleryfrom which the crankshaft receives lubricating oil. The main galleryincludes a hole bored or cast through a boss formed within a side wallof a crankcase. In such a construction, supplemental devices areattached to the side wall of the crankcase necessarily disposed to avoidthe boss portion including the main gallery, thereby widening the entirelubrication system of the engine. Furthermore, a rotational direction ofa crankshaft is often reversed in accordance with a kind of a machinedriven by the engine. In this case, the rotational direction of alubricating oil pump is reversed.

In the present V type diesel engine comprising crankcase 2 and gear case3 jointed with each other, lubricating oil filter L is attached on aside of crankcase 2, and lubricating oil pump D is constructed in gearcase 3. Lubricating oil discharged from lubricating oil pump D andfiltered through lubricating oil filter L is fed to the journal portionjournalling crankshaft S through oil passages in crankcase 2.

As shown in FIGS. 29 and 30, pump rotors 90 and 61 of lubricating oilpump D can reverse their rotational directions. An axis of a lubricatingoil pump shaft 55 takes the same position with a discharging hole 96,and a different position from grooves 97 and 98 and a intake hole 99.

As shown in FIG. 26, the vertical type engine has a filter net 53mounted on gear case 3 near intake hole 99 of lubricating oil pump D.Filter net 53 is engaged to projection 62 of gear case 3.

Pump shaft 55 is pivoted in gear case 3. Driving gear 43 for drivinglubricating oil pump D is fixed onto the end of lubricating oil pumpshaft 55 and engages with a driving gear 21. Pump rotor 61 constitutinga gear is fixed onto lubricating oil pump shaft 55. Pump rotor 90engages with pump rotor 61 to slidably rotate around pump rotor 61.

Lubricating oil filter L is disposed below fuel filter 22 and on a sideof crankcase 2 behind operating oil pump 12. Starter K is disposed on aright side of crankshaft 2 opposite to supplement devices N such aslubricating oil filter L and operating oil pump 12.

Fuel filter 22 is disposed on the same side with flywheel W of crankcase2. In a vertical type engine, it is disposed below radiator R but at thehighest position of crankcase 2. In a horizontal type engine, it isdisposed at the highest of fuel feeding system for fuel injection pumpP, which is above fuel injection pump P, cylinder heads 28 and 29 andcylinder head covers 36 and 37. Accordingly, the fuel filtered throughfuel filter 22 can be free of air.

Fuel filter 22 is fed with fuel from fuel feed pump Q driven by fuelfeed pump driving cam 58.

The construction of lubricating oil pump 22 D will be explained.Lubricating pump D comprises lubricating oil pump shaft 55, which isprovided with pump rotors 90 and 61, disposed within a recess of gearcase 3, and is driven by driving gear 43. intake hole 99 is openedtoward the interior of gear case 3 and connected to groove 98, anddischarging hole 96 is bored between groove 97 and relief valve 65.Accordingly to rotation of pump rotors 90 and 61, lubricating oil ingear case 3 is sucked into groove 98 through intake hole 99 and isdischarged into the other groove 97. Then, the lubricating oil ispressured in groove 97 and is discharged into discharging hole 96. Whenthe pressure of lubricating oil in discharging hole 96 reaches thepredetermined degree, relief valve 95 operates to relieve thelubricating oil for safety.

The lubricating oil discharged through discharging hole 96 and reliefvalve 65 is sent to an oil passage 66 of crankcase 2 through an oilpassage 64 of gear case 3.

There are cases that the rotational direction of crankshaft S isrequired to be reversed, according to difference between a vertical typeand a horizontal type, or without reference to the engine type.Therefore, gear case 3 is classified into two types as shown in FIGS. 29and 30. In FIG. 29, pump rotors 90 and 61 are rotated clockwise in arear view. In FIG. 30, they are rotated counterclockwise in a rear view.

However, the distance a between axes of crankshaft S and lubricating oilpump shaft 55 is similar in both cases, so that driving gear 21 anddriving gear 43 can be made of common members. Pump rotor 90 of one typediffers from that of the other type in its rotational axis while bothtypes have the common distance a.

Referring to FIG. 31, lubricating oil is discharged from lubricating oilpump D into oil passage 66 through oil passage 64. The lubricating oilpasses through a lubricating oil filter L through oil passage 66 withincrankcase 2 and passes through an oil passage 70 bored through crankcase2. Part of the oil enters one opening end of an inner oil passage 88bored through crankshaft S, and another part of it passes through an oilpassage 76 and reaches a rear end journal portion of camshaft 1 tolubricate. The lubricating oil in inner oil passage 88 is fed toconnecting rods 4 and 5. The lubricating oil from the other opening endof inner oil passage 88 passes through an oil passage 79 and reaches thefront end journal portion of camshaft 1 to lubricate.

The lubricating oil, which has lubricated the front end journal portionof camshaft 1, branches into branching oil passages 82 and 84, passesthrough oil holes bored within crankcase 2 and cylinder heads 28, andreaches rocker arm 47 to lubricate.

The lubricating oil circuit between gear case 3 and rocker arms 47 isdescribed below in accordance with FIGS. 13 to 30. FIG. 13 shows an oilpassage 66 of crankcase 2 which is connected with oil passage 64 of gearcase 3. As shown in FIG. 14, oil passage 66 is bored through a boss ofcrankcase 2 and reaches a discharging hole 73 opening to an externallubricating oil filter seat 74 shown in FIG. 15. The lubricating oildischarged from discharging hole 73 penetrates lubricating oil filter Lattached to external lubricating oil filter seat 74 from the exteriorthereof, and is filtered through an inner filter within lubricating oilfilter L. The filtered lubricating oil passes through oil passage 69 andreaches bearing journal 71 of crankcase 2, as shown in FIGS. 23 and 24.

An oil passage 72 branches out from oil passage 70 before bearingjournal 71, and, as shown in FIG. 17, an oil passage 76 is boredupwardly from oil passage 72 to bearing journal 75 of crankshaft 2 tolubricate the portion of camshaft 1 journalled by bearing journal 75. Asshown in FIG. 31, the lubricating oil, which lubricated bearing journal71, passes through inner oil passage 88 bored within crankshaft S and isdischarged to bearing journal 80 of gear case 3. Oil passage 79 is boredupwardly from bearing journal 80 to bearing journal 77 of gear case 3 sothat the lubricating oil, which passed through oil passage 79,lubricates the front end portion of camshaft 1 journalled by bearingjournal 77.

Branching oil passages 84 and 82 branch leftwards and rightwards frombearing journal 77 and are connected with respectively horizontal oilpassages 83 and 81. When crankcase 2 and gear case 3 are jointed witheach other, horizontal oil passages 83 and 81 are connected respectivelywith oil passages 86 and 93 bored through cylinder HL portion ofcrankcase 2. As shown in FIG. 22, oil passage 83 is connected to screwhole 79 into which a head bolt is screwed to fix cylinder head 29 ontocrankcase 2. Screw hole 79 is to an oil passage 87 through a rocker armshaft so that each of the rocker arms is lubricated.

Gear case 3 forms a pump mounting portion 3a for mounting cooling waterpump 8 thereon at its upper left portion as seen from a front view, andforms a pump portion 3b constituting lubricating oil pump D.

In an embodiment shown in FIG. 32, fuel injection pump P is disposedbetween intake and exhaust cams 31 on the upper surface of crankcase 2.In this case, one pair of intake and exhaust cams 31 and the other pairthereof, which are both disposed on camshaft 1, are apart from eachother longitudinally on camshaft 1. Fuel injection pump driving cams 30are disposed on camshaft 1 between both pairs of intake and exhaust cams31. Regulator lever 41 is supported on governor case A and disposed atthe rear portion thereof.

In an embodiment shown in FIG. 33, bracket 50, which is an extendingportion of governor case A, is integrally formed as a part of fuel pumpP while bracket 50 is formed apart from fuel pump P in the otherembodiment.

FIGS. 18 and 19 show dynamo housing space 85 and a drain hole 91 whichis also used for a hole for guiding a lead of dynamo D. In a verticaltype engine, drain hole 91 is disposed at the lower portion of dynamohousing space 85.

In a V type diesel engine, camshaft 1, which is formed integrally withintake and exhaust cams 31 and fuel injection pump driving cams 30, isdisposed between cylinders HL and HR. Dynamo housing space 85 isdisposed on a closed side of crankshaft below camshaft 1.

In a V shaped space of crankcase 2 between cylinders HL and HR aredisposed governor chamber m for housing governor device G and fuelinjection pump chamber n for housing two fuel injection pumps P. The topof governor chamber m is covered with governor case A. Fuel injectionpump chamber n is covered with bracket 50 projecting from governor caseA so that two fuel injection pumps P are fixed to bracket 50.

Governor chamber m and fuel injection pump chamber n are formed bymanner that molds are pulled out of crankcase 2 in a direction towardgear case 3 and in an upward direction toward a V bank, when crankcase 2is die cast.

In the present invention, dynamo housing space 85 is formed by the spacebelow fuel injection pump driving cams 30 on the same side with flywheelW of crankcase 2. Dynamo housing space 85 is inserted into the interiorof crankcase 2 to prevent dynamo D therein from projecting out ofcrankcase 2.

A lead of dynamo D is required to be drawn outwardly from dynamo housingspace 85. In the present invention, a lead guiding hole 91 is opened ona side of dynamo housing space 85. Lead guiding hole 91 is also used asa drain hole, so that a different drain hole from it is not required indynamo housing space 85 of crankcase 2.

The V type diesel engine of the present invention can be used both as avertical type engine which disposes crankshaft S vertically and as ahorizontal type engine which disposes crankshaft S horizontally.

In the present invention, camshaft 1, governor device G and fuelinjection pump P are specially disposed. Crankcase 2 and gear case 3 arecompacted.

Furthermore, in recesses formed on sides of crankcase 2 are disposedstarter k, supplement device n, fuel feed pump q, fuel filter 22, andlubricating oil filter L so that the entire v type diesel engine can becompact.

We claim:
 1. A diesel engine of the type having cylinders disposed in aV shape, comprising:a single camshaft longitudinally disposed betweensaid cylinders; intake and exhaust cams and fuel injection pump drivingcams for driving a fuel injection pump, both being disposed on saidcamshaft; a crankshaft; and a governor device being disposed on a sideopposite to said crankshaft of said camshaft.
 2. A diesel engineaccording to claim 1, further comprising:a fuel injection pump disposedbetween said cylinders and on a side opposite to said crankshaft of saidcamshaft, such that said fuel injection pump and said governor deviceare longitudinally juxtaposed between said cylinders.
 3. A diesel engineaccording to claim 1, further comprising:a governor case covering saidgovernor device, said governor case including an extended portion; and afuel injection pump attached to said extended portion of said governorcase.
 4. A diesel engine according to claim 1, further comprising:agovernor case covering said governor device; and a fuel injection pumpintegrally formed by said governor case.
 5. A diesel engine of the typehaving cylinders disposed in a V shape, comprising:a crankcase which isopen at one of front and rear ends thereof, the cylinders beingintegrally formed therein; a gearcase engaging with an open one of saidfront and rear ends of said crankcase; a governor case engaging withsaid crankcase between said cylinders; and cylinder heads engaging withutmost ends of said cylinders; said crankcase, said gearcase, saidgovernor case, and said cylinder heads constituting a main engine body.6. A diesel engine according to claim 1, further comprising:a crankcase;and a governor chamber formed between said cylinders and connected withan interior of said crankcase, said governor device being disposed insaid governor chamber.
 7. A diesel engine according to claim 3, furthercomprising:a crankcase; and a fuel injection pump chamber formed betweensaid cylinders and connected with an interior of said crankcase, saidfuel injection pump being disposed in said fuel injection pump chamber.8. A diesel engine according to claim 2, further comprising:a crankcasewhich is open at one of front and rear ends thereof; said governordevice being disposed toward an open one of said front and rear ends ofsaid crankcase between said cylinders; and said fuel injection pumpbeing disposed toward a side of said crankcase opposite said open one.9. A diesel engine according to claim 1, further comprising:a crankcaseincluding lateral outer walls recessed laterally inward from outermostextended portions of said cylinders; a starter disposed on one of saidlateral outer walls of said crankcase; and at least one supplementarydevice disposed on a remaining one of said lateral outer walls of saidcrankcase, wherein said starter and said at least one supplementarydevice extend laterally outward to an approximately equivalent lateralposition as said outermost extended portions of said cylinders.
 10. Adiesel engine of the type having cylinders disposed in a V shape,comprising:a crankcase which is open at one of front and rear endsthereof, and which includes a closed end portion at a remaining one ofsaid front and rear ends; a single camshaft longitudinally disposedbetween said cylinders; intake and exhaust cams and fuel injection pumpdriving cams, both disposed on said camshaft; a longitudinally disposedcrankshaft; and a dynamo housing space formed within said closed endportion of said crankcase, wherein said dynamo housing space is disposedat a same side of said crankcase as said crankshaft of said camshaft.11. A diesel engine according to claim 2, further comprising:a fuel feedpump disposed on a side of one of said cylinders, and between saidcylinders.
 12. A diesel engine according to claim 2, furthercomprising:fuel injection nozzles disposed between said cylinders forinjecting fuel discharged from said fuel injection pump.